Estonia is a country full of surprises, from its technological advancements to its rich cultural heritage. Here are some fascinating facts about this small but remarkable nation:
Geography and Nature
- Estonia has over 2,200 islands and islets in the Baltic Sea. While this is impressive, Finland still holds the record with 179,000 islands.
- The country boasts 1,500 islands, 1,000 lakes, and 7,000 rivers, making it a paradise for nature lovers.
- Forests cover nearly 50% of Estonia, making it one of the greenest countries in Europe.
- Estonia has the highest number of meteorite craters per square kilometer in the world. The Kaali crater on Saaremaa island resulted from a meteorite impact over 4,000 years ago, with the power of an atomic bomb.
Technology and Innovation
- Estonia is one of the world’s most digitally advanced nations.
- The country pioneered online voting in 2005, long before other nations.
- 95% of tax returns are filed online.
- Estonia’s e-Residency program allows non-residents to open businesses and sign legal documents digitally.
- Estonia has one of the highest startup densities in Europe. It gave birth to Skype, Wise (formerly TransferWise), and Bolt.
Culture and Traditions
- Estonia holds the largest collection of folk songs, with over 133,000 recorded songs.
- The Estonian Song Festival (Laulupidu), held every five years, gathers over 34,000 singers on stage, with an audience of more than 200,000 people—almost one-sixth of the country’s population!
- Programming is taught in primary schools, and internet access is considered a human right.
- The 4G network covers even remote forest areas.
History and Independence
- Estonia has two Independence Days:
- February 24, 1918 – Declared independence from the Russian Empire.
- August 20, 1991 – Regained independence from the Soviet Union.
- During World War II, Estonia suffered heavy losses—7.3% of the population died, and another 10% were deported to Soviet labor camps.
Other Interesting Facts
- Estonia is the least religious country in the world, with only 14% of people identifying as religious.
- The official language is Estonian, but Russian is also widely spoken.
- Euro (€) is the official currency.
- The capital, Tallinn, was named European Capital of Culture in 2011.
- Estonia has produced many supermodels, including Carmen Kass and Karmen Pedaru.
- The country invented Kiiking, a unique sport involving a 360-degree swinging motion.
- Estonia produces high-quality vodka, with brands like Viru Valge and Saaremaa being the most popular.
- Estonia does not allow dual citizenship, so foreigners must renounce their previous nationality if they wish to become Estonian citizens.
